D-PLACE - Combination Male genital mutilations [EA037] / Sex differences: pottery making [EA047]

Combination Male genital mutilations [EA037] / Sex differences: pottery making [EA047]

You may display the datapoints for this variable combination on a given phylogeny.

Variable
- Male genital mutilations [EA037]
- Sex differences: pottery making [EA047]
Show/hide Labels

	EA037	EA047
!Kung	Absent (1950) [Nyai Nyae region]	Activity is absent (1950) [Nyai Nyae region]
Giriama	Adolescence (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Copper Inuit	Absent (1920) [Coronation Gulf]	Activity is absent (1920) [Coronation Gulf]
Iglulik Inuit	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the Aivilingmiut and Iglulingmiut]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to the Aivilingmiut and Iglulingmiut]
Nabesna	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Chugach	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Sivokakmeit	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Nunamiut	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Kamba	Late childhood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Nunatsiarmiut	Absent (1880)	Both, males more (1880)
Inughuit (Northern Greenland)	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Tlicho	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Délįne	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
DeneTha	Absent (1860) [Lynx Point band, Fort Simpson]	Activity is absent (1860) [Lynx Point band, Fort Simpson]
Dakelh	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Hwitsowitenne]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Hwitsowitenne]
Tareumiut	Absent (1880)	Females alone (1880)
Kutchin	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Tatlit of Peel River Kutchin]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Tatlit of Peel River Kutchin]
Caribou Inuit	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Labrador Inuit	Absent (1890) [with special reference to the Koksoagmiu]	Activity is absent (1890) [with special reference to the Koksoagmiu]
Meru	Adolescence (1940) [To be distinguished from the tribe of the same name on the southeast slope f Mt. Mero, who are a branch of the Chagga]	Females alone (1940) [To be distinguished from the tribe of the same name on the southeast slope f Mt. Mero, who are a branch of the Chagga]
Tasiilaq	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Dena'ina	Absent (1870) [with special reference to the Iliamna]	Activity is absent (1870) [with special reference to the Iliamna]
Tahltan	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Sekani	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Beaver	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Dene	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Eastern Cree	Absent (1850) [with special reference to those of Albany and Moose Creek]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to those of Albany and Moose Creek]
Montagnais	Absent (1880) [Lake St. John & Mistassini Band]	Activity is absent (1880) [Lake St. John & Mistassini Band]
Northern Saulteaux	Absent (1870) [Berens River band]	Activity is absent (1870) [Berens River band]
Pekangekum	Absent (1940) [a band of Northern Saulteaux very closely akin to Na33 (Berens River band) but described as of a much more recent date]	Activity is absent (1940) [a band of Northern Saulteaux very closely akin to Na33 (Berens River band) but described as of a much more recent date]
Nipigon	Absent (1800)	Activity is absent (1800)
Minnesota Ojibwa	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the Red Lake and White Earth bands]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the Red Lake and White Earth bands]
Rainy River Ojibwe	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Katikitegon	Absent (1800) [with special reference to the Lac Vieux Desert band]	Females alone (1800) [with special reference to the Lac Vieux Desert band]
Eastern Ojibwa	Absent (1870) [with special reference to the Kitchibuan of Parry Island]	Activity is absent (1870) [with special reference to the Kitchibuan of Parry Island]
Kaska	Absent (1920) [Upper Liard and Dease River Group]	Activity is absent (1920) [Upper Liard and Dease River Group]
Ottawa	Absent (1650)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1650)
Mi'kmaq	Absent (1700) [Mainland division]	Activity is absent (1700) [Mainland division]
Naskapi	Absent (1890) [with special reference to the northern bands (Barren Ground, Ungava, White Whale River)]	Activity is absent (1890) [with special reference to the northern bands (Barren Ground, Ungava, White Whale River)]
Nunivak	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Attawapiskat Cree	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Attawapiskat Swampy Cree]	Activity is absent (1900) [with special reference to the Attawapiskat Swampy Cree]
Deg Xit'an	Absent (1880) [Shageluk Village]	Females alone (1880) [Shageluk Village]
Aleut	Absent (1830) [Unalaska Branch (Eastern Aleut)]	Activity is absent (1830) [Unalaska Branch (Eastern Aleut)]
Haida	Absent (1890) [Masset Town]	Activity is absent (1890) [Masset Town]
Alkatcho	Absent (1865)	Activity is absent (1865)
Nuu chah nulth	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Central Nootka]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Central Nootka]
Klahoose	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Squamish	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Comox	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Lummi	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Klallam	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Puyallup	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Quileute	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Lower Chinook	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Twana	Absent (1850) [Twana Tribe]	Activity is absent (1850) [Twana Tribe]
Sonjo	Adolescence (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Tillamook	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Coos	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Tlingit	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Chilkat]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Chilkat]
Heiltsuk	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Makah	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Quinault	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Cowichan	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Stó:lō	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Tait]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Tait]
Alsea	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Siuslaw	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Kikuyu	Early adulthood (1930) [Fort Hall or Metume district]	Females alone (1930) [Fort Hall or Metume district]
Kwakwaka'wakw	Absent (1890)	Activity is absent (1890)
Takelma	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Tututni	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Shasta	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the Shastika or eastern Shasta]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the Shastika or eastern Shasta]
Chimariko	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Karuk	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Hupa	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Wiyot	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Lassik	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Mattole-Bear River	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the inhabitants of the Bear River]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the inhabitants of the Bear River]
Pondo Xhosa	Absent (1936)	Females alone (1936)
Sinkyone	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Yurok	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Eyak	Absent (1890) [Eyak Tribe]	Activity is absent (1890) [Eyak Tribe]
Tolowa	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Tsimshian	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Haisla	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Nuxalk	Absent (1880) [Central group, lower B.C. River]	Activity is absent (1880) [Central group, lower B.C. River]
Nomlaki	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Achumawi	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Yana	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Maidu	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the Northeastern Mountain Maidu]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to the Northeastern Mountain Maidu]
Nisenan	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the Hill and Mountain Nisenan]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to the Hill and Mountain Nisenan]
Wintu	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the northeastern Wintu]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the northeastern Wintu]
Coast Yuki	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Huchnom	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Northern Pomo	Absent (1860) [with special reference to those of Kalekau]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to those of Kalekau]
Eastern Pomo	Absent (1860) [Clear Lake, Village of Cignon]	Activity is absent (1860) [Clear Lake, Village of Cignon]
Southern Pomo	Absent (1860) [with special reference to those near Santa Rosa]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to those near Santa Rosa]
Tübalulabal	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Wappo	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Lake Miwok	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Patwin	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the Hill Patwin]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to the Hill Patwin]
Western Mono	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Southern Valley Yokuts	Absent (1860) [Tulare Lake]	Activity is absent (1860) [Tulare Lake]
Wukchumni	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Salinan	Absent (1770)	Activity is absent (1770)
Chumash	Absent (1800)	Activity is absent (1800)
Tongva	Absent (1770)	Activity is absent (1770)
Northern Foothill Yokuts	Absent (1850) [with special reference to those of the Northern Foothills]	Females alone (1850) [with special reference to those of the Northern Foothills]
Serrano	Absent (1870)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870)
Cahuilla (Desert)	Absent (1870) [with special reference to the Desert Cahuilla]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870) [with special reference to the Desert Cahuilla]
Cupeño	Absent (1870)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870)
Luiseño	Absent (1860)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1860)
Kiliwa	Absent (1880)	Females alone (1880)
Atsugewi	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Central Sierra Miwok	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the Central Sierra group]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to the Central Sierra group]
Kumeyaay	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the Southern Diegueno]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1850) [with special reference to the Southern Diegueno]
Yuki	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Klamath	Absent (1860) [Klamath Tribe]	Activity is absent (1860) [Klamath Tribe]
Konjo	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Modoc	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Tenino	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Nlaka'pamux	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Shuswap	Absent (1850) [with special reference to the southeastern Shuswap]	Activity is absent (1850) [with special reference to the southeastern Shuswap]
Bitterroot Salish	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Kalispel	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Coeur d’Alene	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Sinkaitk	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Wenatchi	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Nyankole	Absent (1920)	Males alone (1920)
Wishram	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Umatilla	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Southern Ute	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Nez Perce	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Tagotoka	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Wadadokado	Absent (1870) [Wadadika of Harney Valley]	Activity is absent (1870) [Wadadika of Harney Valley]
Atsakudokwa	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Kidutokado	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Sawakudokwa	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Soga	Absent (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Kuyuidokado	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Toedokado	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Tunava (Deep Springs and Fish Lake)	Absent (1870) [including the Deep Springs Valley and Fish Lake Valley groups]	Females alone (1870) [including the Deep Springs Valley and Fish Lake Valley groups]
Havasupai	Absent (1870) [Havasupai Tribe]	Females alone (1870) [Havasupai Tribe]
Eastern Mono	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Koso	Absent (1850)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1850)
Tümpisa Shoshone (Saline and Panamint)	Absent (1850) [with special reference to those of Saline Valley]	Females alone (1850) [with special reference to those of Saline Valley]
Beatty	Absent (1870) [including the Belted Range group]	Females alone (1870) [including the Belted Range group]
Lida Shoshoni	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Mahaguaduka	Absent (1870)	Males alone (1870)
Sumbwa	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Wiyambituka	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Railroad Valley Shoshoni	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Ely Shoshoni	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Sanpoil	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Tubaduka	Absent (1870)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870)
Wadaduka	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Elko Shoshoni	Absent (1870) [including the Carlin, Halleck, and Wells groups]	Equal participation (1870) [including the Carlin, Halleck, and Wells groups]
White Knife Shoshoni	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Yahanduka	Absent (1850)	Equal participation (1850)
Toro	Absent (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Bohogue	Absent (1860)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1860)
Agaiduka	Absent (1860)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1860)
Gosiute	Absent (1860) [with special reference to those of Deep Creek]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1860) [with special reference to those of Deep Creek]
Antarianunts	Absent (1860) [including the Kaiparowits band]	Activity is absent (1860) [including the Kaiparowits band]
Hukundika	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Panguitch	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Moapa	Absent (1860)	Males alone (1860)
Shivwits	Absent (1860) [including the Suwuntsu (St. George), Gunlock, and Uinkaret groups of Southern Paiute]	Females alone (1860) [including the Suwuntsu (St. George), Gunlock, and Uinkaret groups of Southern Paiute]
Southern Paiute (Kaibab)	Absent (1860)	Males alone (1860)
Southern Paiute (Las Vegas)	Absent (1860) [including the Pahrump, Ash Medows, and Tule Springs groups]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1860) [including the Pahrump, Ash Medows, and Tule Springs groups]
Chemehuevi	Absent (1860) [Colorado River Reservation]	Females alone (1860) [Colorado River Reservation]
San Juan	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Pahvant	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Uintah Ute	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Moanunts	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Washo	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Moache	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Taviwatsiu	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Uncompahgre Ute	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Xhosa Ngqika	Early adulthood (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Bannock	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the Eastern Bannock]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the Eastern Bannock]
Wind River Eastern Shoshone	Absent (1860) [with special reference to the Kucundika]	Activity is absent (1860) [with special reference to the Kucundika]
Hualapai	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Yavapai	Absent (1870) [with exdlusive reference to the Northeastern Yavapai]	Females alone (1870) [with exdlusive reference to the Northeastern Yavapai]
Tolkepaya	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Kutenai	Absent (1880) [Lower or eastern branch]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1880) [Lower or eastern branch]
Chilcotin	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Alexis Creek and Redstone bands]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Alexis Creek and Redstone bands]
Lillooet	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Gros Ventre	Absent (1880) [Gros Ventre Tribe]	Females alone (1880) [Gros Ventre Tribe]
Arikara	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Kaguru	Adolescence (1900) [with special reference to the Mountain Kaguru]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900) [with special reference to the Mountain Kaguru]
Assiniboine	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Blackfoot	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Kainai	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Bungi	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Hidatsa	Absent (1860) [Hidatsa Village]	Females alone (1860) [Hidatsa Village]
Karankawa	Absent (1800)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1800)
Piegan	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Plains Cree	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Kiowa Apache	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Ngulu	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Santee	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Comanche	Absent (1870) [Comanche Tribe]	Activity is absent (1870) [Comanche Tribe]
Crow	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Cheyenne	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Mandan	Absent (1830)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1830)
Sarcee	Absent (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Teton	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Arapaho	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Nyakyusa	Absent (1930) [Age villages of Mwaya and Masoko]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [Age villages of Mwaya and Masoko]
Iowa	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Otoe	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Ponca	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Shawnee	Absent (1820) [with special reference to the Kiskopotha band]	Females alone (1820) [with special reference to the Kiskopotha band]
Caddo	Absent	Females alone
Ho Chunk	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Omaha	Absent (1850) [Omaha Tribe]	Females alone (1850) [Omaha Tribe]
Myaamia	Absent (1720)	Females alone (1720)
Ganda	Absent (1880) [Kyaddondo district (V: Kampala)]	Males alone (1880) [Kyaddondo district (V: Kampala)]
Pawnee	Absent (1867) [Skidi Band or subtribe]	Females alone (1867) [Skidi Band or subtribe]
Fox	Absent (1830) [Tama Reservation]	Females alone (1830) [Tama Reservation]
Hasinai	Absent (1770)	Females alone (1770)
Menominee	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Huron	Absent (1640) [Bear and Cord Subtribes]	Females alone (1640) [Bear and Cord Subtribes]
Seneca	Absent (1750) [with special reference to the Seneca tribe]	Females alone (1750) [with special reference to the Seneca tribe]
Yuchi	Absent (1750)	Females alone (1750)
Choctaw	Absent (1760)	Females alone (1760)
Muscogee	Absent (1750) [Upper division in Alabama]	Females alone (1750) [Upper division in Alabama]
Cherokee	Absent (1750)	Females alone (1750)
Delaware	Absent (1700) [with special reference to the Munsee]	Females alone (1700) [with special reference to the Munsee]
Natchez	Absent (1700) [Natchez Kingdom]	Females alone (1700) [Natchez Kingdom]
Timucua	Absent (1560)	Females alone (1560)
Chiricahua	Absent (1880) [Central band]	Females alone (1880) [Central band]
Gisu	Early adulthood (1900)	Both, females more (1900)
Isleta	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
San Ildefonso	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the pueblo of San Ildefonso]	Females alone (1900) [with special reference to the pueblo of San Ildefonso]
Santa Ana	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Acoma	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Mescalero	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Jicarilla	Absent (1870) [Jicarilla Reservation, Dulce, New Mexico]	Females alone (1870) [Jicarilla Reservation, Dulce, New Mexico]
Western Apache	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Hopi	Absent (1920) [Old Oraiibi]	Females alone (1920) [Old Oraiibi]
Cocopa	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Amba	Absent (1950) [with special reference to those of Bwamba in Uganda]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to those of Bwamba in Uganda]
Hano	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Kamia	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Mojave	Absent (1850) [Fort Mohave and Colorado River Reservation]	Females alone (1850) [Fort Mohave and Colorado River Reservation]
Quechan	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Kewyipaya	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Sia	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Navajo	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Banyaruanda	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Zuni	Absent (1910) [Pueblo]	Females alone (1910) [Pueblo]
Maricopa	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Taos	Absent (1890)	Females alone (1890)
Cochiti	Absent (1890)	Females alone (1890)
Jemez	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Picuris	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Tarahumara	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Tohono O'odham	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Huichol	Absent (1920) [Huichol Tribe]	Females alone (1920) [Huichol Tribe]
Seri	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Songola	Adolescence (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Chichimeca	Absent (1570)	Activity is absent (1570)
Pima	Absent (1840)	Females alone (1840)
Yaqui	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Chinantec	Absent (1940) [Ojitlan]	Females alone (1940) [Ojitlan]
Zapotec	Absent (1940) [mountain village of Yalagag]	Males alone (1940) [mountain village of Yalagag]
Zulu	Absent (1830)	Females alone (1830)
Duala	Late childhood (1940)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940)
Aztec	Absent (1520) [City & environs of Tenochtitlan]	Males alone (1520) [City & environs of Tenochtitlan]
Sierra Popoluca	Absent (1940) [Town and environs of Soteapan]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [Town and environs of Soteapan]
Totonac	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Mixe	Absent (1930) [with special reference to Ayutla]	Females alone (1930) [with special reference to Ayutla]
Tarasco	Absent (1500)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1500)
Tlaxcalans	Absent (1960)	Females alone (1960)
Guna	Absent (1940) [San Blas Archipelago]	Both, females more (1940) [San Blas Archipelago]
Lacandon	Absent (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Lenca	Absent (1948)	Females alone (1948)
K'iche'	Absent (1930) [Town of Chichicastenango]	Females alone (1930) [Town of Chichicastenango]
Ch'orti'	Absent (1930)	Both, females more (1930)
Ha	Absent (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Emberá	Absent (1960) [with special reference to those of Panama]	Females alone (1960) [with special reference to those of Panama]
Bribri	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Yucatec Maya	Absent (1520)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1520)
Garifuna	Absent (1940)	Activity is absent (1940)
Mam	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the village of Santiago Chimaltenango]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the village of Santiago Chimaltenango]
Miskito	Absent (1920) [Vicinity: Cape Gracias a Dios]	Females alone (1920) [Vicinity: Cape Gracias a Dios]
Callinago	Absent (1650) [Dominica Island]	Females alone (1650) [Dominica Island]
Cágaba	Absent (1940)	Males alone (1940)
Cariña	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the Cachama group]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to the Cachama group]
Paraujano	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Wayuu	Absent (1940) [Goajiro Tribe]	Females alone (1940) [Goajiro Tribe]
Yupa	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the Pariri]	Males alone (1950) [with special reference to the Pariri]
Taíno	Absent (1520)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1520)
Haitians	Absent (1930)	Males alone (1930)
Warao	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Lokono	Absent (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Macushi	Absent (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Taulípang	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Ye'kuana	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the Makitare]	Males alone (1920) [with special reference to the Makitare]
Ndyuka	Absent (1960)	Activity is absent (1960)
Pumé	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Barama River Carib	Absent (1930) [Barama River]	Females alone (1930) [Barama River]
Guahibo	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the non-agricultural groups]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to the non-agricultural groups]
Wapishana	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Rega	Adolescence (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Yabarana	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Piaroa	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Curripaco	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Munduruku	Absent (1950) [Cabrura village]	Females alone (1950) [Cabrura village]
Tapirapé	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Palikur	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Sateré Mawé	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Shiriana	Absent (1960)	Females alone (1960)
Wai-wai	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Songye	Early childhood (1900)	Males alone (1900)
Sanema	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Yanomami	Absent (1965) [Shamatari Tribe; Bisaasi-teri]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1965) [Shamatari Tribe; Bisaasi-teri]
Sirionó	Absent (1940) [Vicinity of the Rio Blanco]	Females alone (1940) [Vicinity of the Rio Blanco]
Cocama	Absent (1670)	Females alone (1670)
Chácobo	Absent (1960)	Females alone (1960)
Ticuna	Absent (1940)	Both, females more (1940)
Shuar	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Yagua	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Cubeo	Absent (1940) [Village on Caduiari River]	Females alone (1940) [Village on Caduiari River]
Witoto	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Amahuaca	Absent (1950) [Upper Inuya River]	Females alone (1950) [Upper Inuya River]
Shipibo-Conibo	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Inca	Absent (1530) [City and environs of Cuzco]	Females alone (1530) [City and environs of Cuzco]
Aymara	Absent (1940) [Chucuito Clan community in Peru]	Both, males more (1940) [Chucuito Clan community in Peru]
Chachi	Absent (1910) [Rio Cayapas Basin]	Females alone (1910) [Rio Cayapas Basin]
U'wa	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Páez	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Muisca	Absent (1540)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1540)
Kpe	Late childhood (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Asháninka	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Yahgan	Absent (1870) [Eastern and central]	Activity is absent (1870) [Eastern and central]
Mapuche	Absent (1880) [Cholchol]	Females alone (1880) [Cholchol]
Ona	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the Shelknam]	Activity is absent (1880) [with special reference to the Shelknam]
Tehuelche	Absent (1870) [Equestrian]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870) [Equestrian]
Alacaluf	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the southern bands]	Activity is absent (1900) [with special reference to the southern bands]
Wichí	Absent (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Terena	Absent (1850)	Females alone (1850)
Abipón	Absent (1800) [Those in contact with mission]	Females alone (1800) [Those in contact with mission]
Kadiwéu	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Choroti	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Chamacoco	Absent (1890)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1890)
Guaraní	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Toba	Absent (1964) [with special reference to those of the Argentine Chaco]	Females alone (1964) [with special reference to those of the Argentine Chaco]
Lengua	Absent (1890) [Those in contact with mission]	Females alone (1890) [Those in contact with mission]
Bororo	Absent (1920) [Kejara]	Females alone (1920) [Kejara]
Kuikuru	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Trumai	Absent (1930) [Village of Vanivani]	Activity is absent (1930) [Village of Vanivani]
Tswana	Early adulthood (1880) [with special reference to the Kgatla (Bakxatla)]	Females alone (1880) [with special reference to the Kgatla (Bakxatla)]
Bacairi	Absent (1940) [Simao Lopes]	Equal participation (1940) [Simao Lopes]
Nambikwara	Absent (1940) [Cocozu Group]	Activity is absent (1940) [Cocozu Group]
Kamayurá	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Guató	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Paresi	Absent (1910) [with special reference to the Cozarimi]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910) [with special reference to the Cozarimi]
Umotina	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Carajá	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Cayua	Absent (1950) [Taquapiri]	Females alone (1950) [Taquapiri]
Shavante	Absent (1958) [Village of Sao Domingo]	Activity is absent (1958) [Village of Sao Domingo]
Sherente	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Aweikoma	Absent (1910) [Duque de Caxias Reservation]	Females alone (1910) [Duque de Caxias Reservation]
Canela	Absent (1930) [Ramcocamecra or Canella]	Activity is absent (1930) [Ramcocamecra or Canella]
Aimoré	Absent (1880) [Naknenuk subtribe]	Activity is absent (1880) [Naknenuk subtribe]
Tenetehara	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the Guajajara subgroup]	Activity is absent (1930) [with special reference to the Guajajara subgroup]
Apinaye	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Tupinambá	Absent (1600) [Hinterland of Rio de Janeiro]	Females alone (1600) [Hinterland of Rio de Janeiro]
Kayapo	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Ngala	Early childhood (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Poto	Customary, age unclear (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Fang	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Lovedu	Adolescence (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Budu	Early childhood (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Ndaka Babali	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Ngombe	Early childhood (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Pedi	Adolescence (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Nkundo	Late childhood (1930) [Ilanga group]	Females alone (1930) [Ilanga group]
Kota	Adolescence (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Bafia	Adolescence (1930)	Both, females more (1930)
Bamileke	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Bamum	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Banen	Adolescence (1940) [Ndiki subtribe]	Females alone (1940) [Ndiki subtribe]
Baboa	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Rundi	Absent (1910)	Differentiated but equal (1910)
Fon	Early adulthood (1890) [City and environs of Abomey]	Females alone (1890) [City and environs of Abomey]
Igbo	Shortly after birth (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Toma	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Shona	Adolescence (1920) [with special reference to the Zezuru]	Females alone (1920) [with special reference to the Zezuru]
Ebira	Infancy (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Kpelle	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Kissi	Adolescence (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Ibibio	Infancy (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Dorobo	Early adulthood (1920) [with special reference to Central Dorobo]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to Central Dorobo]
Ambo	Adolescence (1910) [with special reference to the Kuanyama]	Females alone (1910) [with special reference to the Kuanyama]
Itsekiri	Infancy (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Afikpo	Shortly after birth (1950) [with special reference to the village of Mgbom]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to the village of Mgbom]
Edo	Infancy (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Isoko	Early childhood (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Gbagyi	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Ashanti	Absent (1900) [Kumasi State]	Females alone (1900) [Kumasi State]
Egba	Customary, age unclear (1920) [Abeouta Province and Benin]	Females alone (1920) [Abeouta Province and Benin]
Ekiti	Customary, age unclear (1950) [Ekiti Division, Ondo Prov.]	Females alone (1950) [Ekiti Division, Ondo Prov.]
Ewe	Early childhood (1900) [with special reference to the Glidyi]	Females alone (1900) [with special reference to the Glidyi]
Fante	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Sapo	Customary, age unclear (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Mende	Adolescence (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Gagu	Absent (1920)	Males alone (1920)
Guro	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Gbande	Adolescence (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Ngere	Adolescence (1930) [with special reference to the Gio of the Ivory Coast]	Females alone (1930) [with special reference to the Gio of the Ivory Coast]
Temne	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Oyo Yoruba	Infancy (1950) [Yoruba, with special reference to the Oyo]	Females alone (1950) [Yoruba, with special reference to the Oyo]
Bete	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Nupe	Late childhood (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Bambara	Adolescence (1920) [Segou to Bamako on Niger River]	Females alone (1920) [Segou to Bamako on Niger River]
Konkomba	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Lobi	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Nankanse	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Kasena	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Mossi (Yatenga)	Late childhood (1950) [with special reference to Massi (Moshi) of Yatenga; (for those of Ouagadougou, see Ag47)]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to Massi (Moshi) of Yatenga; (for those of Ouagadougou, see Ag47)]
Bassari	Late childhood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Lozi	Absent (1890) [Ruling Luyana]	Females alone (1890) [Ruling Luyana]
Susu	Customary, age unclear (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Bobo	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Minianka	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Senufo	Infancy (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Tsonga	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Dagara	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Tallensi	Absent (1930) [Tallensi Tribe]	Females alone (1930) [Tallensi Tribe]
Kusasi	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Mbundu	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Gurma	Adolescence (1930) [with special reference to those in the Diapaga region]	Females alone (1930) [with special reference to those in the Diapaga region]
Mossi (Ouagadougou)	Late childhood (1900) [with special reference to those of Ouagadougou (see Ag2 for those of Yatenga)]	Both, females more (1900) [with special reference to those of Ouagadougou (see Ag2 for those of Yatenga)]
Basari	Absent (1890)	Females alone (1890)
Kabre	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Birifor	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Moba	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Venda	Early adulthood (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Bisa	Adolescence (1960) [with special reference to those of Garango]	Both, females more (1960) [with special reference to those of Garango]
Yalunka	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Coniagui	Late childhood (1910) [with special reference to the Coniagui]	Females alone (1910) [with special reference to the Coniagui]
Katab	Customary, age unclear (1930) [Zaria Province]	Activity is absent (1930) [Zaria Province]
Nama	Absent (1840) [Gei/Khauan tribe]	Females alone (1840) [Gei/Khauan tribe]
Basa	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Dakakari	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the Liliwa]	Females alone (1930) [with special reference to the Liliwa]
Kamuku	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Reshe	Late childhood (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Adara	Late childhood (1930)	Males alone (1930)
Jukun	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Sotho	Absent (1860) [Basuto]	Females alone (1860) [Basuto]
Kagoro	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Ndebele	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Tiv	Late childhood (1920) [Tar of Benue Province]	Females alone (1920) [Tar of Benue Province]
Gude	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Kapsiki	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Ila	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Podokwo	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Mafa	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Bafute	Late childhood (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Anaguta	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Banda	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Otoro	Absent (1940) [Nuba Hills]	Females alone (1940) [Nuba Hills]
Mangbetu	Late childhood (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Chewa	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Mbum	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Mundang	Adolescence (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Gisiga	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Kotoko	Adolescence (1880)	Females alone (1880)
Luvale	Adolescence (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Bwaka	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Mbandja	Customary, age unclear (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Ngbandi	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Popoi	Late childhood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Lendu	Late childhood (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Azande	Late childhood (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Lese	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Logo	Absent (1920)	Males alone (1920)
Lugbara	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Bongo	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Jur	Late childhood (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Korongo	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Mesakin	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Moro	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Tira	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Tullishi	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Nyimang	Early adulthood (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Anuak	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Mao	Adolescence (1939) [Northern division]	Females alone (1939) [Northern division]
Mamvu	Adolescence (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Shilluk	Absent (1900) [Shilluk Kingdom]	Females alone (1900) [Shilluk Kingdom]
Gbaya	Late childhood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Dilling	Adolescence (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Masa	Absent (1910) [Around Yagoua in Cameroon]	Females alone (1910) [Around Yagoua in Cameroon]
Pojulu	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Kuku	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Mondari	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the Riverain Mondari]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the Riverain Mondari]
Alur	Absent (1890)	Females alone (1890)
Maasi	Adolescence (1900) [Kisonko or Southern Masai of Tanzania]	Females alone (1900) [Kisonko or Southern Masai of Tanzania]
Jie	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Labwor	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Plains Suk	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Toposa	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Keyu	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Hill Suk	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Nuer	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Lango	Absent (1920)	Males alone (1920)
Suku	Adolescence (1910) [Feshi territory lineage center]	Females alone (1910) [Feshi territory lineage center]
Turkana	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Luo	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Nandi	Early adulthood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Bari	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Kipsigis	Adolescence (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Konso	Old age (1930) [Town of Buso]	Both, males more (1930) [Town of Buso]
Somali (Esa)	Adolescence (1880)	Activity is absent (1880)
Arusi	Customary, age unclear (1890)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1890)
Gibe	Infancy (1880)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1880)
Macha	Maturity (1950) [with special reference to the eastern Macha]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [with special reference to the eastern Macha]
Sundi	Customary, age unclear (1910)	Both, females more (1910)
Burji	Maturity (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Sidama	Maturity (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Tsamai	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Banna	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Somali (Dolbahanta)	Late childhood (1950) [Dolbahanta clan or subtribe]	Activity is absent (1950) [Dolbahanta clan or subtribe]
Hamar	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Bako	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Dime	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Shangama	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Basketo	Absent (1950)	Both, females more (1950)
Yem	Infancy (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Kafa	Shortly after birth (1890) [Kafa Kingdom]	Females alone (1890) [Kafa Kingdom]
Beta Israel	Shortly after birth (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Nara	Infancy (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Kunama	Early childhood (1860)	Females alone (1860)
Jimma	Customary, age unclear (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Baditu	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Dorse	Maturity (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Shako	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Amhara	Shortly after birth (1950) [Gondar district]	Females alone (1950) [Gondar district]
Fur	Adolescence (1880) [Jebel Marra]	Females alone (1880) [Jebel Marra]
Kanembu	Late childhood (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Kanuri	Late childhood (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Wolof	Late childhood (1950) [Upper and lower Salum in Gambia]	Females alone (1950) [Upper and lower Salum in Gambia]
Zerma	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Zazzagawa Hausa	Late childhood (1950) [Zazzagawa of Zaria]	Males alone (1950) [Zazzagawa of Zaria]
Songhai	Late childhood (1940) [Bamba division]	Females alone (1940) [Bamba division]
Hausa Kanawa	Late childhood (1940) [Hausa, with special reference to the Kanawa]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [Hausa, with special reference to the Kanawa]
Asben	Customary, age unclear (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Ifora	Customary, age unclear (1944)	Activity is absent (1944)
Daza	Adolescence (1880)	Females alone (1880)
Chaambra	Late childhood (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Teda	Adolescence (1950) [Nomads of Tibesti]	Females alone (1950) [Nomads of Tibesti]
Mbuti	Adolescence (1930) [Epulu net-hunters, Ituri forest]	Activity is absent (1930) [Epulu net-hunters, Ituri forest]
Siwans	Late childhood (1920) [inhabitants of the oasis of Siwa]	Females alone (1920) [inhabitants of the oasis of Siwa]
Tuareg Ahaggar	Early childhood (1920) [Ahaggaren tribe]	Females alone (1920) [Ahaggaren tribe]
Algerians	Late childhood (1870)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870)
Egyptians	Early childhood (1950) [Town and environs of Silwa]	Males alone (1950) [Town and environs of Silwa]
Riffians	Shortly after birth (1920) [Entirety: Moroccan]	Differentiated but equal (1920) [Entirety: Moroccan]
Kabyle	Customary, age unclear (1890)	Females alone (1890)
Gheg	Absent (1900) [Mountain Gheg of No. Albania]	Differentiated but equal (1900) [Mountain Gheg of No. Albania]
Neapolitans	Absent (1960) [with special reference to the inhabitants of the city of Naples and its immediate environs]	Sex irrelevant (1960) [with special reference to the inhabitants of the city of Naples and its immediate environs]
Spaniards	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the inhabitants of Andalusia]	Sex irrelevant (1950) [with special reference to the inhabitants of Andalusia]
Greeks	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Vasilika]	Sex irrelevant (1950) [with special reference to the village of Vasilika]
New Englanders	Absent (1920) [Small City in Connecticut]	Sex irrelevant (1920) [Small City in Connecticut]
Tristan da Cunha	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Brazilians	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the village of Cruz das Almas near Sao Paulo]	Females alone (1940) [with special reference to the village of Cruz das Almas near Sao Paulo]
French Canadians	Absent (1930)	Sex irrelevant (1930)
Dutch	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Anderen in Anlo parish of Drente province]	Sex irrelevant (1950) [with special reference to the village of Anderen in Anlo parish of Drente province]
Sami	Absent (1950) [Konkama District]	Activity is absent (1950) [Konkama District]
Serbs	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Orasac]	Males alone (1950) [with special reference to the village of Orasac]
Bashkir	Customary, age unclear (1899) [with special reference to the Birskij Uezd Bashkir]	Activity is absent (1899) [with special reference to the Birskij Uezd Bashkir]
Bemba	Absent (1900) [Zambia branch]	Females alone (1900) [Zambia branch]
Besermyan	Absent (1894) [with special reference to the Glazovskij Uezd Besermyan]	Activity is absent (1894) [with special reference to the Glazovskij Uezd Besermyan]
Chuvash	Absent (1908) [with special reference to the Virjal group]	Activity is absent (1908) [with special reference to the Virjal group]
Erzya Mordvins	Absent (1895) [with special reference to those of the Boklinskij Uezd]	Males alone (1895) [with special reference to those of the Boklinskij Uezd]
Estonians	Absent (1908) [with special reference to the Valkskij Uezd]	Activity is absent (1908) [with special reference to the Valkskij Uezd]
Gagauz	Absent (1894) [with special reference to those of the Benderskij Uezd]	Activity is absent (1894) [with special reference to those of the Benderskij Uezd]
Ingrians	Absent (1927) [with special reference to those of the Kingisepp Rajon, the Leningrad Region]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1927) [with special reference to those of the Kingisepp Rajon, the Leningrad Region]
Karelians	Absent (1874) [with special reference to the Livvikjoj group of the Olonetskij Uezd]	Males alone (1874) [with special reference to the Livvikjoj group of the Olonetskij Uezd]
Hutsuls	Absent (1890)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1890)
Kazan tatar	Early childhood (1910) [with special reference to those of the Altayrskij Uezd]	Activity is absent (1910) [with special reference to those of the Altayrskij Uezd]
Latvians	Absent (1881) [with special reference to the Vidzeme group]	Males alone (1881) [with special reference to the Vidzeme group]
Plateau Tonga	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Lithuanian Karaim	Shortly after birth (1895) [with special reference to those of the Trakaj area]	Activity is absent (1895) [with special reference to those of the Trakaj area]
Lithuanian Tatar	Absent (1905) [with special reference to those of the Vilenskaja Gubernija]	Activity is absent (1905) [with special reference to those of the Vilenskaja Gubernija]
Livs	Absent (1847) [with special reference to the Northwest Courland]	Males alone (1847) [with special reference to the Northwest Courland]
Moldovans	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Beletskij Uezd]	Males alone (1900) [with special reference to the Beletskij Uezd]
Veps	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Petrozavodskij Uezd Veps]	Males alone (1900) [with special reference to the Petrozavodskij Uezd Veps]
Czechs	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the Hana district of central Moravia]	Sex irrelevant (1940) [with special reference to the Hana district of central Moravia]
Bulgarians	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the village of Dragelevtsy]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [with special reference to the village of Dragelevtsy]
Buye	Late childhood (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Byelorussians	Absent (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Ukrainians	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Magyar	Absent (1940)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940)
Lithuanians	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Armenians	Absent (1900) [Vicinity of Erevan]	Females alone (1900) [Vicinity of Erevan]
Kurd	Late childhood (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Kumyk	Customary, age unclear (1900) [with special reference to the Kayakent group of eastern Dagestan]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900) [with special reference to the Kayakent group of eastern Dagestan]
Turks	Customary, age unclear (1950) [Northern Anatolian Plateau]	Activity is absent (1950) [Northern Anatolian Plateau]
Syrians	Infancy (1950) [with special reference to the village of Tell Toqaan]	Females alone (1950) [with special reference to the village of Tell Toqaan]
Hebrews	Shortly after birth (-800)	Males alone (-800)
Lala	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Babylonians	Absent (-2000) [City and environs of Babylon]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (-2000) [City and environs of Babylon]
Druze	Adolescence (1930) [with special reference to those of Mount Carmel in Israel]	Females alone (1930) [with special reference to those of Mount Carmel in Israel]
Yemeni	Customary, age unclear (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Sindhi	Customary, age unclear (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Ghilzai	Late childhood (1950) [with special reference to the Ghilzai tribe]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [with special reference to the Ghilzai tribe]
Luapula	Adolescence (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Punjabi	Absent (1950) [Mohla Village]	Differentiated but equal (1950) [Mohla Village]
Yusufzai	Early childhood (1950) [with special reference to the Yusufsai of Swat]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [with special reference to the Yusufsai of Swat]
Hazara	Customary, age unclear (1930) [with special reference to the Urazgani]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the Urazgani]
Kohistani	Early childhood (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Basseri	Infancy (1958) [Nomadic branch]	Activity is absent (1958) [Nomadic branch]
Iranians	Customary, age unclear (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Kazakh	Late childhood (1910) [Great Horde]	Activity is absent (1910) [Great Horde]
Tu	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Khalka	Absent (1940) [Narobanchin Territory]	Activity is absent (1940) [Narobanchin Territory]
Nivkh	Absent (1920) [Sakhalin Island]	Activity is absent (1920) [Sakhalin Island]
Ob Ostyak	Absent (1880) [with special reference to those on the Ob River]	Females alone (1880) [with special reference to those on the Ob River]
Selkup	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Nganasan	Absent (1930) [Avam (Western) group]	Activity is absent (1930) [Avam (Western) group]
Itelmen	Absent (1710) [those of Eastern Kamchatka]	Activity is absent (1710) [those of Eastern Kamchatka]
Ungazikmit	Absent (1880) [those of South-Eastern Chukotka]	Activity is absent (1880) [those of South-Eastern Chukotka]
Mansi	Absent (1880) [Middle Northern Sos'va group]	Activity is absent (1880) [Middle Northern Sos'va group]
Evenk	Absent (1890) [Barguzin group]	Activity is absent (1890) [Barguzin group]
Negidal	Absent (1890) [Upper Amgun' River group]	Activity is absent (1890) [Upper Amgun' River group]
Ulch	Absent (1890) [Ulch people as a whole]	Activity is absent (1890) [Ulch people as a whole]
Orok	Absent (1890) [Northern group]	Activity is absent (1890) [Northern group]
Yakut	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Yakutsk district]	Females alone (1900) [with special reference to the Yakutsk district]
Oroch	Absent (1890) [Oroch people as a whole]	Activity is absent (1890) [Oroch people as a whole]
Udihe	Absent (1890) [Hor River group]	Activity is absent (1890) [Hor River group]
Chukchi	Absent (1900) [Reindeer Division]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900) [Reindeer Division]
Yurak-Samoyeds	Absent (1900) [Yurak Tribe]	Activity is absent (1900) [Yurak Tribe]
Koryak	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Maritime Koryak]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900) [with special reference to the Maritime Koryak]
Ainu	Absent (1900) [Saru Basin in Hokkaido]	Activity is absent (1900) [Saru Basin in Hokkaido]
Koreans	Absent (1950) [Kanghwa Island]	Males alone (1950) [Kanghwa Island]
Shantung	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the village of Taitou]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the village of Taitou]
Nyanja	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Kiangsu	Absent (1936) [Kaihsienkung Village, Chekiang]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1936) [Kaihsienkung Village, Chekiang]
Lolo	Absent (1940) [Liang Shan and Taliang S]	Activity is absent (1940) [Liang Shan and Taliang S]
Manchu	Absent (1920) [Aigun District]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920) [Aigun District]
Miao	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the Magpie (Yachio) Miao]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [with special reference to the Magpie (Yachio) Miao]
Japanese	Absent (1950) [Okayama]	Sex irrelevant (1950) [Okayama]
Min Chinese	Absent (1920) [with special reference to those in the hinterland of Swatow]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920) [with special reference to those in the hinterland of Swatow]
Okinawans	Absent (1950)	Both, males more (1950)
Li	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Adi	Absent (1940)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940)
Burusho	Customary, age unclear (1930) [Hunza State]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [Hunza State]
Lepcha	Absent (1930) [Lingthem and vicinity]	Activity is absent (1930) [Lingthem and vicinity]
Shina	Absent (1870) [with special reference to the Shina tribe]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1870) [with special reference to the Shina tribe]
Kuba	Shortly after birth (1910) [with special reference to the Bushoong, the central subtribe]	Activity is absent (1910) [with special reference to the Bushoong, the central subtribe]
Magar	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the sedentary inhabitants of Banyan Hill]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [with special reference to the sedentary inhabitants of Banyan Hill]
Santal	Absent (1940) [Bankura and Berghum Districts]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [Bankura and Berghum Districts]
Uttar Pradesh	Absent (1945) [Village and environs of Senapur]	Males alone (1945) [Village and environs of Senapur]
Bengali	Absent (1940) [with special reference t the Western or Hindu Bengali]	Differentiated but equal (1940) [with special reference t the Western or Hindu Bengali]
Bhil	Absent (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Pahari	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Sirkanda in western Uttar Pradesh]	Activity is absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Sirkanda in western Uttar Pradesh]
Kashmiri	Early childhood (1950) [with special reference to the Pandit or Sarasvati Brahmans]	Males alone (1950) [with special reference to the Pandit or Sarasvati Brahmans]
Gujarati	Absent (1920) [Village of Atgam, Surat District; possibly also other areas]	Males alone (1920) [Village of Atgam, Surat District; possibly also other areas]
Chenchu	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the forest group]	Activity is absent (1940) [with special reference to the forest group]
Telugu	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the village of Shamirpet]	Males alone (1950) [with special reference to the village of Shamirpet]
Muria Gond	Absent (1941) [Bastar State]	Activity is absent (1941) [Bastar State]
Reddi	Absent (1940) [with special reference to those of the Bison Hills]	Activity is absent (1940) [with special reference to those of the Bison Hills]
Tamil	Absent (1880) [with special reference to the agricultural castes in Tanjore]	Males alone (1880) [with special reference to the agricultural castes in Tanjore]
Madia	Absent (1938) [Hill Maria]	Activity is absent (1938) [Hill Maria]
Toda	Absent (1900) [Toda Tribe]	Activity is absent (1900) [Toda Tribe]
Hill Bhuiya	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the Pauri or Hill Bhuiya]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the Pauri or Hill Bhuiya]
Baiga	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Andamanese	Absent (1870)	Females alone (1870)
Tanala	Early childhood (1930) [Menabe subtribe]	Activity is absent (1930) [Menabe subtribe]
Vedda	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Rock Vedda]	Equal participation (1900) [with special reference to the Rock Vedda]
Nicobarese	Absent (1890) [Car Nicobar of North Islands]	Females alone (1890) [Car Nicobar of North Islands]
Sinhalese	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the Kandyan Sinhalese]	Differentiated but equal (1950) [with special reference to the Kandyan Sinhalese]
Antandroy	Adolescence (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Sakalava	Adolescence (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Garo	Absent (1900) [Rengsanggr]	Females alone (1900) [Rengsanggr]
Chakma	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Aimol	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Naron	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Angami	Absent (1910)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910)
Ao	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the Chongli]	Females alone (1920) [with special reference to the Chongli]
Sema	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Chin	Absent (1940)	Males alone (1940)
Lhota	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Burmese	Absent (1950) [Nondwin Village]	Males alone (1950) [Nondwin Village]
Lamba	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Maras	Absent (1930) [Lakher Tribe]	Females alone (1930) [Lakher Tribe]
Kachin	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the Jinghpaw]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [with special reference to the Jinghpaw]
Purum	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Karen	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Khasi	Absent (1900) [with special reference to those of the Jaintia Hills]	Females alone (1900) [with special reference to those of the Jaintia Hills]
Lamet	Absent (1940) [Lamet Tribe, Northwestern Laos]	Activity is absent (1940) [Lamet Tribe, Northwestern Laos]
Rade	Absent (1950) [Ko-Sier Village]	Activity is absent (1950) [Ko-Sier Village]
Muong	Absent (1940)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940)
Senoi	Absent (1960) [with special reference to the eastern Semai]	Activity is absent (1960) [with special reference to the eastern Semai]
Ancient Khmer	Absent (1292) [with special reference to the city and environs of Angkor Wat in 1292]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1292) [with special reference to the city and environs of Angkor Wat in 1292]
Mnong Gar	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the village of Sar Luk]	Females alone (1940) [with special reference to the village of Sar Luk]
Semang	Absent (1920) [Jehai Group or subtribe]	Activity is absent (1920) [Jehai Group or subtribe]
Annamese	Absent (1950) [Red River Delta in Tonkin]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [Red River Delta in Tonkin]
Khmer	Absent (1950)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950)
Yao	Late childhood (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Malays	Customary, age unclear (1940) [with special reference to those of Trengganu]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [with special reference to those of Trengganu]
Atayal	Absent (1930) [Atayal Tribe (but exdluding Sedeq)]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [Atayal Tribe (but exdluding Sedeq)]
Bunun	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Puyuma	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Sugbuanon	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Badjau Tawi-Tawi	Customary, age unclear (1960) [Tawi-Tawi and adjacent islands]	Activity is absent (1960) [Tawi-Tawi and adjacent islands]
Tao	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Kalinga	Absent (1910) [with special reference to the northern Kalinga]	Females alone (1910) [with special reference to the northern Kalinga]
Yombe	Customary, age unclear (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Sagada	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Ifugao	Absent (1920) [Kiangan Group]	Differentiated but equal (1920) [Kiangan Group]
Paiwan	Absent (1930) [Su-Paiwan Village]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [Su-Paiwan Village]
Ami	Absent (1930) [with special reference to the southern Ami]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to the southern Ami]
Ngoni	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the Mpezeni group of Fort Jameson]	Females alone (1940) [with special reference to the Mpezeni group of Fort Jameson]
Iban	Absent (1950) [Ulu Ai Group, Baleh]	Females alone (1950) [Ulu Ai Group, Baleh]
Javanese	Adolescence (1950) [Town and environs of Pare; Modjokuto]	Equal participation (1950) [Town and environs of Pare; Modjokuto]
Balinese	Absent (1950) [Tihingan Village]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [Tihingan Village]
Kadazan-Dusun	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the village of Sensuron]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920) [with special reference to the village of Sensuron]
Minangkabau	Customary, age unclear (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Mentaweians	Absent (1920) [with special reference to those of North Pageh]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to those of North Pageh]
Anak Dalam	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the Ridan group]	Activity is absent (1900) [with special reference to the Ridan group]
Macassarese	Late childhood (1940) [Borongloe]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1940) [Borongloe]
Bajuni	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Tobelorese	Absent (1910) [Tobelo District]	Activity is absent (1910) [Tobelo District]
Ambonese	Customary, age unclear (1950) [Allang]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [Allang]
Sumbawanese	Late childhood (1951) [with special reference to the village of Rarak in Western Sumbawa]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1951) [with special reference to the village of Rarak in Western Sumbawa]
Belu	Customary, age unclear (1950) [with special reference to the Mountain Belu]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1950) [with special reference to the Mountain Belu]
Toradja	Absent (1910) [Bare'e subgroup]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910) [Bare'e subgroup]
Tanimbarese	Absent (1930)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930)
Ili-Mandiri	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the village of Leloba in E. Flores]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to the village of Leloba in E. Flores]
Shambaa	Early childhood (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Kei	Absent (1890)	Activity is absent (1890)
Sumbanese	Adolescence (1930) [with special reference to eastern Sumba]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [with special reference to eastern Sumba]
Northern Aranda	Adolescence (1900) [Alice Springs and environs]	Activity is absent (1900) [Alice Springs and environs]
Walbiri	Adolescence (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Gidjingali	Adolescence (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Anindilyagwa	Late childhood (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Yolngu, Dhuwal	Late childhood (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Tiwi	Absent (1920) [Tiwi Tribe: Melville Island]	Activity is absent (1920) [Tiwi Tribe: Melville Island]
Diyari	Late childhood (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Bena	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Kariyarra	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Wikmunkan	Absent (1920) [with special reference to the Archer River group]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to the Archer River group]
Murriny Patha	Adolescence (1940)	Activity is absent (1940)
Tasmanians (northwestern)	Absent (1830)	Activity is absent (1830)
Ngiyambaa	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Mee	Absent (1950) [Botukebo village, Kamu Valley, Ijaaj-Pigome confederacy]	Activity is absent (1950) [Botukebo village, Kamu Valley, Ijaaj-Pigome confederacy]
Motu	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the Western Motu]	Both, females more (1950) [with special reference to the Western Motu]
Kakoli	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Kwoma	Absent (1930) [Hongwam subtribe; Rumbima]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1930) [Hongwam subtribe; Rumbima]
Abelam	Absent (1930) [Kalabu; Northern Abelam]	Females alone (1930) [Kalabu; Northern Abelam]
Kutubu	Absent (1940)	Activity is absent (1940)
Kimam	Absent (1940) [Bamol Village]	Activity is absent (1940) [Bamol Village]
Marind-Amin	Absent (1910) [with special reference to the coastal inhabitants]	Activity is absent (1910) [with special reference to the coastal inhabitants]
Wantoat	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Koita	Absent (1900)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1900)
Mailu	Absent (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Mekeo	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
/Xam	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Kiga	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Muju	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Koiari	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Mafulu	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Ngarawapum	Absent (1940)	Activity is absent (1940)
Busama	Absent (1940)	Females alone (1940)
Mimika	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Fore	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Luguru	Adolescence (1930) [Morogoro District]	Females alone (1930) [Morogoro District]
Sio	Absent (1964)	Females alone (1964)
Dani	Absent (1960) [with special reference to the Dugum group of the Grand Valley of the Balim River]	Activity is absent (1960) [with special reference to the Dugum group of the Grand Valley of the Balim River]
Elema	Absent (1920) [with special reference to those of Orokolo Bay]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to those of Orokolo Bay]
Wogeo	Adolescence (1930) [Dap, Wonevaro district]	Activity is absent (1930) [Dap, Wonevaro district]
Keraki	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Enga	Absent (1950) [with special reference to the Mae group]	Activity is absent (1950) [with special reference to the Mae group]
Purari	Absent (1910) [with special reference to the Koriki]	Activity is absent (1910) [with special reference to the Koriki]
Orokaiva	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Palauans	Absent (1940) [Ulimang, Badeldaob Island]	Females alone (1940) [Ulimang, Badeldaob Island]
Kosraeans	Absent (1860)	Activity is absent (1860)
Bikinians	Absent (1940)	Activity is absent (1940)
Nauruans	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Makin	Late childhood (1890) [Makin and Butiritari Islands (N)]	Activity is absent (1890) [Makin and Butiritari Islands (N)]
Ngonde	Absent (1920)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920)
Lamotrek	Absent (1960)	Activity is absent (1960)
Marshallese - Jaluit atoll	Absent (1900) [with special reference to the island of Jaluit]	Activity is absent (1900) [with special reference to the island of Jaluit]
Trukese	Absent (1940) [Romonum Island]	Activity is absent (1940) [Romonum Island]
Majuro	Absent (1940) [With special reference to the inhabitants of Majuro]	Activity is absent (1940) [With special reference to the inhabitants of Majuro]
Ifaluk	Absent (1940) [with special reference to the inhabitants of Ifaluk atoll]	Activity is absent (1940) [with special reference to the inhabitants of Ifaluk atoll]
Ponapeans	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Chamorro	Absent (1950) [with special reference to those of Saipa]	Activity is absent (1950) [with special reference to those of Saipa]
Safwa	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Ulithians	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Siuai	Absent (1940) [Northeastern group]	Both, females more (1940) [Northeastern group]
Usiai	Absent (1950)	Activity is absent (1950)
Rossel Islanders	Absent (1920)	Activity is absent (1920)
Dahuni	Customary, age unclear (1900)	Females alone (1900)
Trobriands	Absent (1910) [Kiriwina Island]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1910) [Kiriwina Island]
Tangu	Absent (1930) [with special reference to Boieng Island]	Activity is absent (1930) [with special reference to Boieng Island]
Kurtatchi	Absent (1930)	Females alone (1930)
Lesu	Late childhood (1930) [Lesu Village]	Activity is absent (1930) [Lesu Village]
Ulawans	Absent (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Fipa	Absent (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Manus	Absent (1920) [Peri Village]	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1920) [Peri Village]
Mota	Absent (1890)	Activity is absent (1890)
Mbau Fijians	Late childhood (1840) [Bau Chiefdom, Vanua Levu]	Females alone (1840) [Bau Chiefdom, Vanua Levu]
Seniang	Absent (1930) [Malekula Island]	Activity is absent (1930) [Malekula Island]
Bunlap	Early childhood (1950) [Bunlap Village]	Activity is absent (1950) [Bunlap Village]
Nyoro	Absent (1950)	Males alone (1950)
Lau	Adolescence (1920) [Lau Island]	Females alone (1920) [Lau Island]
American Samoans	Late childhood (1920) [with special reference to American Samoa]	Activity is absent (1920) [with special reference to American Samoa]
Tongans	Adolescence (1920) [Pangai]	Activity is absent (1920) [Pangai]
Uveans	Adolescence (1830)	Activity is absent (1830)
Nyamwezi	Absent (1920)	Females alone (1920)
Upolu Samoans	Late childhood (1829)	Activity is absent (1829)
Tikopia	Adolescence (1930) [Ravenga District]	Activity is absent (1930) [Ravenga District]
Pukapukans	Absent (1930)	Activity is absent (1930)
Tokelau	Adolescence (1900) [with special reference to Atafu]	Activity is absent (1900) [with special reference to Atafu]
Kapingamarangi	Absent (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Futunans	Adolescence (1840)	Activity is absent (1840)
Niueans	Adolescence (1840)	Activity is absent (1840)
Mangaians	Early adulthood (1820)	Activity is absent (1820)
Māori	Absent (1820) [Nga Puhi Tribe]	Activity is absent (1820) [Nga Puhi Tribe]
Marquesans	Late childhood (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Manihikians	Absent (1850)	Activity is absent (1850)
Mangarevans	Adolescence (1900)	Activity is absent (1900)
Sukuma	Absent (1950)	Females alone (1950)
Gogo	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Turu	Adolescence (1910)	Females alone (1910)
Kwere	Late childhood (1880)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1880)
Zigula	Adolescence (1880)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1880)
Hadimu	Adolescence (1930)	Males alone (1930)
Chagga	Adolescence (1910)	Activity is absent (1910)
Digo	Customary, age unclear (1890)	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified (1890)
Wadatkuht	Absent (1870)	Activity is absent (1870)
Spring Valley Shoshoni	Absent (1870) [including the Shoshoni of Snake and Antelope Valleys]	Equal participation (1870) [including the Shoshoni of Snake and Antelope Valleys]

Male genital mutilations [EA037]

	1	Absent
	2	Shortly after birth
	3	Infancy
	4	Early childhood
	5	Late childhood
	6	Adolescence
	7	Early adulthood
	8	Maturity
	9	Old age
	10	Customary, age unclear

Sex differences: pottery making [EA047]

	1	Males alone
	2	Both, males more
	3	Differentiated but equal
	4	Equal participation
	5	Both, females more
	6	Females alone
	7	Sex irrelevant
	8	Activity present, sex diff. unspecified
	9	Activity is absent